The U.S. timberland return administers the National Forests of the nation under a mandatary originated in 1905 by President Theodore Roosevelt, a mandate charging the Service with the responsibility for managing these lands for "multiple use." What this term means has changed over the years, as has the political and social environment in which management takes place. This has necessitated a re-examinati
Government policies are requisite to regulate the public costs of industry which cannot be designate to any individual simply are born by society as a whole. These costs include atmospheric state pollution, destruction of unique environments and ecosystems, water pollution, and any other cost of production which is unaccounted for, in part or totality, in the price of the object or service. Cairncross (1995) points out that governments must supply the undeniable regulation and enforcement of these policies (Cairncross, 1995, 322). The costs in the United States for compliance with federal official environmental laws and regulations stand at over 100 million dollars a year (Cairncross, 1995, 323). A healthy economy helps take over the price of abating pollution and environmental destruction.
These costs return to society in the form of cleaner air to breath, forests in which to picnic, and species which are saved from extinction.
There are 120 national forests in forty-one states--nine states have no national forests at all, though the forest system is owned by and should benefit all of the people. Assuring that this is so is the primary responsibility of the Forest Service, but there are many today who charge that the authorization is failing in its duty. Critics describe an internal representation that is out of control, an agency that is spending hundreds of millions of dollars a year to harvest timber that is close worthless, based on a system that rewards managers for felling trees in appall of the damage to the environment and to the federal Treasury (Budiansky, 1991, 55).
Other pieces of old growth forest habitat received protection. In Alaska, in 1990, subsidies to the timber industry provided timber for two paper mill about (Dietrich, 1992, 230); this subsidy was revoked and an extra million acres of forest nock aside. The movement to preserve large tracts of virgin forest appears to be capturing the general public's interest. In Northern California a voting measure to buy another 710 million dollars worth
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